۩ Anas r.a. se riwayat hai ke Rasool Allah ﷺ Madeena munawwara tashreef laae to saal mein 2 din muqarrar the jin mein log khelte aur khushiya’n manaate the. Aap ﷺ ne in se poocha ke ye 2 din kaise hain? Inho’n ne kaha ke zamaana e jahiliyyat se ham is mein khelte chale aarahe hain, Aap ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Allah Ta’ala ne tumko in ke badle mein 2 behtar din ataa farmaae hain wo Eid ul Fitr aur Eid ul Zuha ke din hai.’
(Sunan Abu Dawood: al Salah, hadith- 1134).
۩ Nabeesha al Zahli r.a. se riwaayat hai Rasool Allah ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Ayyam e Tashreeq, Yaani 11, 12 aur 13 zul hajja khaane peene aur Allah Ta’ala ke zikar ke din hain.’
(Sahih Muslim: al Siyaam, hadith-1141).
Maloom hua ke Eid ul Zuha aur ayyam e tashreeq ke dino’n mein khane peene mein wusa’at karna mubaah khel kood mein koi harj nahi.
۩ Ayesha Siddiqa r.a. ke paas bacchiya’n daff bajaa kar jang ba’as ka qissa jo ansaar ne ashaar mein likha tha (jang ba’as, aous aur khazraj ke darmiyan kufr mein hui thee) gaa rahi theei’n. (T: aous & khazraj were 2 tribes in madeena). Abu Bakr Siddiq ne inhei’n mana kiya. Nabi e Rahmat ne farmaya: ‘Aey Abu Bakr! Inhei’n kuch na kaho be shak aaj eid ka din hai. Bilaa Shubaa har qaum ki 1 eid hoti hai aur aaj hamaari eid hai.’
(Sahih al Bukhari: al Eidain 952 – Sahih Muslim: 892)
Is hadees se maloom hua ke agar padhne wali choti bacchiya’n ho’n, alaat mausiqee mein se sirf daf (ya is se kam tar koi alaa) ho nez asha’ar khilaaf shariat na ho’n aur eid ka mauqa ho to aise ashaar padhne ya sunne mein koi harj nahi hai lekin mafaad parast gawayyo’n ne is hadees shareef se apna ullu seedha karne mein koi kasar nahi utha rakhi chunaache inho’n ne bacchiyo’n se har umar ki pashawar glukaara saabit kardi (T: professional singer), daff se jumla alaat mausiqee jaaez qaraar diey, acche asha’ar se gano’n ka jawaaz kasheed kiya aur eid ke din se ‘ruh ki ghizaaiyat’ dhoond nikaali aur ye na socha ke Allah Khaaliq o Maalik hai isne apne bando’n ke liey jawaaz ki jo had caahi muqarrar kardi aur is se tajaawuz ko haraam kardiya.
۞ Masaael O Ahkaam
۩ Sayyadna Ali r.a. farmate hain: ‘Juma, A’arfa, Qurbaani aur Eid ul Fitr ke din ghusl karna chahiye.’ (Baihaqi V3 P278) iski sanad Saheeh hai.
۩ Abdullah bin Umar r.a. eid ke din eidgaah ki taraf nikalne se pehle ghusl kiya karte the.
(Muwatta Imam Maalik: al Eidain V1 P177) Iski sanad Saheeh al Asaaneed hai.
۩ Imam Nawawi farmate hain ke eid ke din ghusl ke masle mein Ibne Umar ke asar se istedlaal aur juma ke ghusl par qiyaas kiya gaya hai.
۩ Rasool Allah ﷺ ne hukam diya ke eid ul fitr ki namaz ke liey ghar se nikalne se pehle sadqa fitr adaa kiya jaae.
(Sahih al Bukhari: al Zakat, hadith- 1503 – Sahih Muslim: al Zakat, hadith- 986)
Eidgaah mein paho’nch kar sadqatul fitr adaa karna saheeh nahi hai, balke ise namaz e eid ke liey nikalne se pehle adaa karna chahiye.
۩ Jaabir bin Abdullah r.a. ne farmaya: ‘Main ne Rasool Allah ﷺ ke sath eid ki namaz padhee Aap ﷺ ne baghair aur takbeer ke khutba se pehle namaz padhai.’
(Sahih Muslim, hadith- 885).
۩ Jaabir bin Abdullah Al Ansaari r.a. bayaan karte hain ke namaz eid ke liey azaan hai na takbeer, pukaarna hai na koi aur awaaz.
(Sahih Bukhari: 960 – Sahih Muslim: Salatul Eidain, hadith- 886)
۩ Ibne Abbas r.a. bayan karte hain ke Aap ﷺ ne eidgaah mein siwaae eid ki 2 rakato’n ke na pehle nafil padhe na baad me.
(Sahih al Bukhari: al Eidain 964 – Sahih Muslim: Salatul Musafireen 884)
۩ Nabi e Rahmat Eid ul Fitr mein kuch khaa kar namaz ko nikalte. Aur Eid ul Zoha mein namaz padh kar khaate.
(Tirmizi: al Juma-542 – Ibne Majja: al Siyaam 1756 – Ibne Hibban (593) – Ibne Khuzaima (1426) – Ibne al Qataan – Haakim (v1 P294)). Aur Hafiz Zahabi ne ise Saheeh kaha.
(Tirmizi: al Juma-542 – Ibne Majja: al Siyaam 1756 – Ibne Hibban (593) – Ibne Khuzaima (1426) – Ibne al Qataan – Haakim (v1 P294)). Aur Hafiz Zahabi ne ise Saheeh kaha.
۩ Rasool Allah ﷺ Eid ul Fitr ke roz taaq (T: Odd numbers) khajurei’n khaa kar eidgaah jaaya karte the.
(Sahih Bukhari: al Eidain, hadith- 953)
۩ Anas bin Maalik r.a. jab shaher jaa kar eid ki namaz ba jamaat adaa na kar sakte to apne ghulamo aur baccho’n ko jama karte aur apne ghulaam Abdullah bin Abi Utaiba r.a. ko shahar walo’n ki namaz ki tarha namaz padhane ka hukam dete.
(Sahih Bukhari: al Edain V3 P305)
۩ Rasool Allah ﷺ ke paas 1 sawaar aaya is ne gawaahi di ke inho’n ne kal chand dekha tha to Aap ﷺ ne hamei’n roza iftaar karne ka hukam diya (T: to break fast) aur doosre din Eid ki namaz padhi, kyou’nke rawiyat hilaal ki khabar itne der mein paho’nchi ke namaz eid ka waqt nikal chukka tha.
(Sunan Abu Dawood: al Salah, hadith- 1157). Imam Ibne Hazam aur Imam Baheqhee ne ise Saheeh kaha.
Is hadees me is baat ki daleel hai ke agar kisi uzar ki binaa par namaz eid faut ho jaae to wo agle din eid ki namaz ke liey niklei’n.
۩ Aisha r.a. ne farmaya ke eid ke din saudaan dhalo’n aur nezo’n se khelte the, Rasool Allah ﷺ ne mujhe se poocha ke kya tum ise dekhna chahti ho main ne kaha haa’n! mujhe Aap ﷺ ne apne peeche khada karliya aur main in habsheeyo’n ka tamaasha dekh rahi thee jo eid ke din masjid mein jangi khelo’n ka muzaahera kar rahe the’.
(Sahih Bukahri: al Salah, hadith- 454 – Sahih Muslim: al Eidan, hadith- 892)
۩ Abdullah bin Basr r.a. Eid ul Fitr ke roz namaz ke liey gae. Imam ne namaz mein taqhair kardi to wo farmane lage: ‘Rasool Allah ﷺ ke zamaane mein ham is waqt namaz se farigh ho chuke hote the, raawi kehta hai ke ye chaasht ka waqt tha.’
(Abu Dawood: al Salah, hadith- 1135) Ise Imam Maalik aur Imam Zahabi ne Saheeh kaha.
۩ Jabir bin Abdullah farmate hain ke: ‘Nabi e Kareem eid ke din eidgaah aane jaane ka raasta tabdeel farmaya karte the.’
(Sahih al Bukahri: al Eidain, hadith- 986).
۞ Eidgaah Me Aurate
۩ Umme A’atiya r.a. kehti hain hamein’n hukam diya gaya ke ham (sab aurato’n ko hatta ke) haiz (T: women in their menstrual period) waliyo’n aur parda waliyo’n ko (bhi) dono’n eido’n mein (gharo’n se nikaalei’n) take wo (sab) musalmano’n ki jamat (namaz) aur inki dua mein haazir ho’n. Aur farmaya Haiz waliya’n jaae namaaz se alag rahei’n. (yaani wo namaz na padhei’n) lekin musalmano’n ki duao’n aur takbeero’n mein shamil rahei’n. Taake Allah ki rahmat aur baqhshish se hissa paei’n. 1 aurat ne arz kiya ke agar ham mein se kisi ke paas chaadar na ho (to phir wo kaise eidgaah mein jaae?) farmaya: ‘Isko iski saath wali aurat chaadar udhaa de.’ (Yaani kisi doosri aurat se chaadar a’aariyatan le kar chale).
(Sahih al Bukhari: Salah, hadith- 351 – Sahih Muslim: Salatul Eidain, hadith- 890).
۩ Rasool Allah ﷺ eidgaah ki taraf jaate. Aap ﷺ ki eidgah Masjid e Nabawi se hazaar Zara’a ke faasle per thee. Ye eidgaah al Baqee ki taraf thee.
(Sahih Bukahri [Ma’a al Fatha] V2 P465] Hadees 976 Kitabul Eidain)
۞ Takbeerat e Eid
Haafiz ibne Hajar tabeerat ke padhne ke bare mein farmate hain: ‘Rasool Allah ﷺ se is bare mein koi hadees saabit nahi. Sahaaba se jo saheeh tareen riwaayat marwee hai, wo Sayyadna Ali ka qaul hai.’
۩ Sayyadna Ali r.a. A’arfa ke din (9 zil hajja) ki fajar se lekar (13 zil hijja) ki Asr tak takbeerat kahte.
(Baihaqi: V3 P279) Imam Haakim aur Imam Zahabi ne ise Saheeh kaha.
۩ Abdullah bin Umar eid ul fitr ke din ghar se eidgaah tak takbeerat kahte.
(Baihaqi V3 P 279) Imam Baihaqi farmate hain ke hadees Ibne Umar mauqoof an mahfooz hai).
۩ Imam Zohri kehte hain ke log eid ke din apne gharo’n se eidgah tak takbeerat kehte, phir imam ke sath takbeerat kahte.
(Musannaf Ibne Abi Shaiba V1 P489).
۩ Abdullah bin Abbas r.a. 9 zil hijja ko namaz e Fajr se lekar 13 zil hijja namaz e Asr tak in alfaz mein takbeerat kahte:
Allahu Akbar Kabeera, Allahu Akbar Kabeera, Allahu Akbar wa Ajallullahu Akbar wa Lillahil Hamd – Allah Sabse Badaa Hai, Allah Sabse Badaa Hai, Bahot Badaa, Allah Sabse Badaa Hai Aur Sabse Ziyaada Saaheb e Jalaal Hai, Allah Sabse Badaa Hai, Allah Hi Ke Liey Saari Ta’areef Hai.
(Ibn e abi Shaiba: V1 P489, 490) Ise Imam Haakim (V1 P299) aur Imam Zahabi ne Saheeh kaha.
۩ Salman you’n takbeerat kehte: Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar Kabeera.
(Baheqhee V3 P316). Hafiz ibne Hajar Kehte hain ke is bare mein Saheeh tareen qaul Salman ka hai.
Tambeeh: Rasool Allah ﷺ se alfaaz takbeerat ki saraahat darequtni mein you’n aai hai:
Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Laailaaha Illlahu wallahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar wa Lillahil Hamd. Is hadees ko Imam Zahabi ne shaqt zaeef balke mauzoo (man ghadat) kaha hai. Lehaza in alfaaz ko Aap ﷺ ki taraf mansoof karna jaaez nahi hai.
۞ Namaz e Eid ka Tareeka
۩ Rasool Allah ﷺ Eid ul Fitr aur Eid ul Zuha ke din eidgah jaate, sab se pehle namaz padhte, phir khutba dete jabke log safo’n mein baithe rehte. Khutba mein logo’n ko naseehat aur wassiyyat karte aur hukam dete phir wapas laut‐te.
(Sahih al Bukhari: al Eidain 956 – Sahih Muslim: Salatul Eidain 889)
۩ Aisha r.a. se riwayat hai beshak Rasool Allah ﷺ Eid ul Fitr aur Eid ul Zoha ki namaz ki awwal rakat mein 7 takbeerat kehte aur doosri rakat mein 5 takbeerat kahte.
(Sunan Abu Dawood: al Juma, hadith- 1149 – Jamia Tirmizee, hadith- 536) Ise Imam Ahmad aur Imam Ali bin Madeeni ne Saheeh kaha.
Har takbeer par rafa yadain karei’n aur har takbeer ke baad hath bandhei’n. Imaam ounchee awaaz se aur muqtadee aahista Alhamd Shareef padhei’n, phir Imam ounchee awaaz se qira‐at padhe, aur muqtadee chup chaap sune.
Imam Baheqhee ne namaz e eidain ki zaaed takbeerat mein rafa yadain karne par jis hadees se istedlaal kiya hai is mein Abdullah bin Umar farmate hain ke Rasool Allah ﷺ har is takbeer mein haath uthaate jo rukoo mein jaane se pehle kehte, yaha’n tak ke Aap ﷺ ki namaz mukammil hojaati.
(Sunan Abu Dawood: al Salah 722 – Masnad Ahmad (V2 P 133,134,6175 – Dare Qutnee V1 P 289) Ibne Al Jaarood ne ise Saheeh kaha.
۩ Rasool Allah ﷺ Abu Bakr, Umar, aur Usman pehle namaz padhte phir khutba dete.
(Sahih al Bukhari: al Eidain , hadith-884)
۩ Eidain ka khutba mimbar par na padhei’n. Abu Saeed Khudri r.a. ki hadees se maloom hota hai ke eidgaah mein mimbar ka ehtemam Marwaan bin Hakam ke ahed mein kiya gaya.
(Sahih al Bukahri: al Eidain, hadith- 956 – Sahih Muslim: Salatul Eidain, hadith- 889)
۩ Ek shaqs ne Marwaan ke is fa’al par aeteraz karte hue kaha: ‘Tum nee id ke roz mimbar laakar sunnat ki muqhalifat ki kyou’nke is roz ise nahi laaya jaata tha, aur tum ne khutba ko namaz se pehle padh kar (sunnat ki muqhalifat ki).’
(Sunan Abu Dawood: al Salah, hadith- 1140 – Sunan Ibn e Majah: Iqaamatis Salah, hadith- 1275)
۩ Eid ul Azha Ke Din Eid Padh Kar Qurbaani Karni Chahiye: Baraa bin A’azib r.a. bayan karte hain ke Rasool Allah ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Jis shaqs ne namaz ke baad qurbaani ki iski qurbani ho gai aur isne musalmano’n ke tareeqa ko apnaliya aur jis ne namaz se pehle qurbani ki iski qurbani nahi hogi wo mahez gosht ki 1 bakri hai jo isne apne ghar walo’n ke liey zubah ki hai.’
(Sahih al Bukhari: al Eidain, hadith-965 – Sahih Muslim: al Zuha, hadith- 1961)
۩ Aap ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Jis shaqs ne namaz e eid se pehle qurbani ki wo namaz ke baad doosri qurbaani kare.’
(Sahih al Bukhari: al Eidain, hadith- 985 – Sahih Muslim: al Zuha, hadith- 1960).
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