Aetikaf me Nabi ﷺ ka tarika kamil aasan tha. Nabi karim sallahu alehiwassalam ne ramzan mubarak main lailatul qadar ki talash main ek baar ramzan ka pahla aur darmiyani ashra ehtikaf kiya, phir un par ye zahir hua key laylatul qadar akhri ashre main hain toh Rasool akram ﷺ ne akhri ashre ka aehtikaf bameshgi ke saath karna shuru kiya hatta ki apne Rab se ja mile .
Nabi karim ﷺ ne zindagi main ek baar akhri ashre main aehtikaf na kiya toh iski qaza main sawwal ka pahla hafta ehtikaf kiya ( Sahih Bukhari aur Sahih Muslim) aur jis baras Nabi akram ﷺ ki wafat hui us baras Nabi akram sallahu alehiwassalam ne 20 din roz ka aehtikaf kiya dekhye:( Sahih al Bukhari hadees 2040).
Kaha jata hain ke is ka sabab ye tha ke Nabi akram ﷺ ko apni mout ka ilm ho chuka tha isliye unhone chaha ki khiro bhalai ka kaam zyada kar liya jaye taki wo apni ummat ke liye ye bayan karde ki jab wo apne akhir amaal main pohche toh amaal e saaleh kasrat se karne ki koshish kare taki wo Allah tala se behtar halat me mil sake.
Aur ye bhi kaha gya hain ki iska sabab ye tha ke Jibril alehissalam ramzan main nabi ﷺ ke saath Quran majid ka ek baar doura kiya karte the aur jis saal nabi ﷺ ki rooh kabz hui us baras do baar kiya toh isiliye Nabi karim ﷺ ne do baar jitna ehetikaf kiya .
Aur is se bhi koi sabab ye hain ki nabi karim ﷺ ne jis baras 20 ayam ka ehtikaf kiya usse phele baras aap safar main the iski dalil mundarza zel hadis hain:
Abi bin Kaab razi allahu anha bayan karte hain ke Rasool Allah ﷺ ramzan ul mubarak ka akhiri ashra ehtikaf kiya karte the toh ek saal aap safar par chale gaye aur ehtikaaf na kar sake lihaza ayinda baras Nabi akram sallahu ﷺ ne 20 youm ka ehtikaf kiya isey Nasai aur Abu daud ne riwayat kiya hain aur ye alfaz Sunan nasai ke bhi ', aur Ibne Hibban wagera ne ise sahi karar diya hain. Aeh fateh al bari.
Nabi karim ﷺ khema lagane ka huqum dete toh un ke liye masjid main khema nasab kar diya jata toh Rasool e akram ﷺ logo se alehdgi me kheme main rahete aur apne Rab se lagao laga lete hatta ke waktan un ke liye khalut puri ho gyi.
Aur ek baar Nabi karim ﷺ ne chote se turki kheme main ehtikaaf kiya aur us ke darwaze per chatai latkai gayi thi .
( Sahih Muslim hadis number 1167)
Ibn e Qaiyyim rahematullahi tala zad ul mamad me kahte hain, "Ye sab kuch kuch ehtikaaf ke maksad aur uski rooh ke husul ke liye hain is ke barakas jo kuch jahil log karte hain aur ehtikaf ko aesho ishrat aur milne julne ki jagha bana lete hain aur waha aapas main guftugu aur gappe hankte rahete hain toh ektikaf ka ek rang toh ye hain aur ehtikafe nabwi ka rung aur hain."
Zaad ul maad (90/2).
Aur Nabi ikram ﷺ ehtikaf ki halat me masjid ke andar hi rahete waha se sirf zarurat ki bina par hi bahar tashrif le jate the:
Ayesha raziallahu anha bayan karti hain ke jab Rasool ﷺ ehtikaf ki halat main hote toh zarurt ke bagair ghar main tashrif nahi late the.
(Sahih Bukhari- hadis number (2029)) aur muslim ki riwayat main alfaz hain ki ( insani hajat ke bagair nahi ate thy).
Nabi ﷺ dourane ehtikaaf apni saaf safai ka bhi khayal rakhte aur masjid se bahar apna sar Ayesha raziallahu anha ke hujre main karte toh wo Nabi karim ﷺ ka sar dhoti aur kanghi kar deti thi.
Ayesha razillahu tala bayan karti hain ke Nabi karim ﷺ ehtikaf main hote toh meri taraf apna sar karte toh main halate haiz main bhi unhe kanghi karti thi.
Aur ek aur riwayat main hain key main unka sar dhoti thi (sahi bukhari hadis 2028)( sahi muslim hadis 297 ).
Tasrih ke mane sar main kanghi karna hain hafiz ibne hajar rehematullahe tala khete hain ,
Aur Hadis me Khushboo lagane aur safai karne aur gusl karne mondne aur banao wa shingar karne ka jawaz paya jata hain aur jamhur ulema isi par hain ke ehtikaf me wahi chize makruh hain jo masjid main makruh hain aur Rasool ﷺ ka ye tarika tha ki jab aap ehtikaf ki haalat main hote to na toh mariz ki iyadat karte na hi janaze main shariq hote ye is liye tha ki sara waqt Allah tala se munajat par tawajjo markuz karahey aur ehtikaf ki hikmat puri aur mukamil bawaz wo hikmat logo se alhedgi aur Allah tala ke saath lagao hain.
Ayesha razialllahu anha tala bayan karti hain k Ehtikaf karne wale ke liye sunnat tarika ye hain ki wo na toh mariz ki ayadat key liye jaye aur na hi janaze main shariq ho aur na hi biwi se mubasarat kare(gale lagana wagaira) aur usey chuwe, aur kisi bhi zarurt ke liye waha se na nikale lekin jis zarurat ko pura kiye bagair koi chara na ho uske liye nikal sakta hain.
Sunan Abu Daud hadees (2473)allama albani ne ise sahih Abu Daud main sahih qarar diya hain.
Imaam Shaukhani rehmatullahi alehe nil ul witaar me kahte hain: "Biwi ko na toh chuye aur na mubashrat kare". Isse aayesha razai allahu anha ne jamaa murad liya hain .
Nabi karim ﷺ jab ehtikaf ki halat main hote to nabi ﷺ ki baaz ajwaj e mutaharat aapki ziyarat ke liye tashrif lati aur jab wo jane keliye hoti toh aap unhe ghar tak pahuchane ke liye unke saath tashrif le jate aur ye raat ka waqt hota:
Nabi karim ﷺ ki jauza Ummul Mominin Safiya raziallahuanha bayan karti hain ki wo ramzan ke akhri ashre main main Nabi ﷺ ki ziyarat ke liye masjid main unki ehtikaf wali jagha main aayi aur kuch der unke saath baat chit karti rahi, aur phir bahar wapas jane ke liye uthi toh RasoolAllah ﷺ bhi unke saath unhe wapas phuchane ke liye uth khare hue yani unke ghar phuchane ke liye.
Sahih al Bukhari - 2035, Sahih Muslim- 2175.
Khulasa ye hua ki: Rasool ﷺ ka aetikaf aasan aur sahuliyat ka nishan tha na ki sakhti wa shiddat ka. Rasool e akram ﷺ ka sara waqt Allah tala ke zikr o azakr aur lailatul Qadar ki talash main Allah tala ki taraf mutawajje rahne aur uski Itat o farmabardari main bashar hota tha.
