Akhri Ashre Ka Aehtikaf Karne Wala Aehtikaf Wali Jagha Main Kab Dakhil Ho Aur Kab Nikle ?

Awwal:

Aehtikaf wali jagah me dakhil hone ke mutaliq jamuhri ulema e ikram jin main Imaam e Arbiya Imaam Abu Hanifa, Imaam Malik, Imaam Shafai aur Imaam Ahmad Rehmatullah tala Shamil hain. In sabka maslak ye hain ki jo koi bhi Ramzan ul mubarak ke akhri ashre ka ehtikaf karna chahey wo 21 raat ko gurube Shamsh se qabal Masjid main dakhil ho unhone mandarzazel dalail se istedal kiya hain :

۩ 1- Nabi karim ﷺ se sabit hain ki Aap ﷺ Ramzan ul mubarak ke akhri ashre main aehtikaf kiya karte thy mutafiq alihe ye is baat ki daleel hain ki Nabi akram ﷺ raato ka aehtikaf karte the na ki dino ka, isliye ki ashra raat ki taiz hain Allah ShubbanoTala ka farmaan hain :

( Aur dus raato ki kasam) Surah al fajar(2).

Aur akhri ashra 21 wi raat se shuru hota hain.

Toh is bina par aehtikaf karne wala ikiswi raat ghurube shamsh se qabal masjid main dakhil ho.

۩ 2- Unka kahna hain ki aehtikaf karne ka sabse azeem aur bada maqsad lailatul Qadar ki talash hain, aur 21wi raat akhri ashre ki taak raato main se hain lihaza ye ehtimal ho sakta hain ke ye hi raat lailatu qadar ho, isilye is raat aehtikaaf ki halat main hona chahiye. Imame Sandi ka hasheta al Nasai main ye hi kahna hain mazid dekhye: Al Mugni (489\4).  

Lekin Imam Bukhari aur Imaam Muslim ne Aayesha razi Allahu tala anha se bayan kiya hain wo kahti hain, "Rasul akram ﷺ jab aehtikaf karna chahte toh apni aehtikaf wali jagah main namaz e fajar ke baad dakhil hote. (Sahih al Bukhari, Hadis- 2041) ( Sahih Muslim - 1173). Baaz ulema e salaf ne is Hadees ke zahir ko dekhte hue ye kha hain key wo eahtikaf karne wali jagha namaz e fajr ke baad dakhil ho, Mushtakil fatwa committee (  Fatawa al-Lajnah al-Daimah ) (411\10).

Aur Sheikh Ibne Baaz rehmatullahi tala ne bhi isi ko liya hain dekhye Fatwe ibne baaz (422\15). Lekin jamuhri ulema e ikraam ne is hadis ke do main se ek jawab diya hain.

AWWAL: 

Nabi karim ﷺ ghurube shamsh se Qabl aehtikaf kar chuke thy lekin wo khas aehtikaf wali jagha main namaz e fajir ke baad dakhil hue. Imaam Nawawi rehmatullah tala khete hain, "Nabi karim ﷺ jab aehtikaf karna chahte toh namaz namaz e fajir ada karte aur phir apni aehtikaf wali jagha main dakhil ho jate".  Is hadis se unhone dalil li hai jo ye kahte hain ki aehtikaf ki ibtada din ke shuru se kiya jayega, Imaam awzai , Imaam Suri aur Imam Lait ka bhi ek qaul yahi hain aur Imaam Abu Hanifa aur Imaam Shafai aur Imaam Ahmad rahematullah tala ka kahna hain ke agar koi shakhs mahine ya dus din ka ehtikaf karna chahe toh wo aehtikaaf main gurube shamsh e qabal dakhil ho, aur unhone is hadis ki tawil ye ki hain ki ke Nabi ﷺ namaz e fajir ke baad aehtikaf wali jagha mai dakhil hue aur khalwat ikhtiyar ki ye nahi ke aehtikaf ki ibtida ka waqt hi ye hain balki Nabi karim ﷺ namaz e magrib se qabal hi masjid main aehtikaf karchuke the aur jab namaz e fajr ada ki toh elaedgi aur khalwat ikhtiyar kar li.

DAUM:

Aehtikaaf se nakalne ka waqt:

Aehtikaaf karne wala shakhs apne aehtikaaf ko ramzan ul mubarak ke akhri din ke suraj gurub hone par khatam kare ga. Sheikh Ibn Uthaymeen rahematullahi tala se mundarza zel sawal kiya gaya, "Aehtikaf karne wala shakhs apne aehtikaf se kab niklega Eid ki raat gurub e shamsh ke baad ya eid ke din namaz e fajir ke baad ?

Sheikh rehmatullah tala ka jawab tha: "Aehtikaf karne wala shakhs apne aehtikaf se ramzan ul mubarak khatm hone per niklega . Aur ramzan ul mubarak ka khatam Eid ki raat gurub shamsh par ho jati hain dekhye fatawi al Siyam (502).  mustakil Fatawa committee ke fatwai jaat main hain ke: "Ramzan ul mubarak ke ashre ka aehtikaaf ramzan ke akhri din gurub shamsh ke waqt khatam ho jayega. Dekhye  Fatawa al-Lajnah al-Daimah (411\10) aur agar wo apne aehtikaf wali jagha main namaz e fajr aur namaz e eid ada karne tak rehna ikhtiyaar kare toh ismain bhi koi harj nahi. Baaz salaf ne usey mustahab qarar diya hain . Imaam Malik rahematulahi tala kahte hain key unhone baaz ahele ilm ko ramzan ul mubarak ke akhri ashre ka aehtikaaf karte hue dekha wo logo ke sath Eid ul fitr ki namaz ada karne se pahele apne ghar wapas nahi palatte the. Imaam malik rehmatullahi tala kahte hain mujh tak ye pahle daur ke ahle fazal o azam se phucha hain aur is masle main maine sabse behter yahi suna hain.

Imaam Nawawi rahmatullah kahte hain Imaam Shafi rahmatullah aur unke ashhab kahte hain jo koi ramzan ul mubarak ke akhri ashre ke aehtikaf main Nabi karim ﷺ ki ibtida o pairwi karna chata hain usey chahiye ke wo 21wi raat gurub shamash se qabal masjid main dakhil ho jaye take use kuch bhi na chhut sake, aur Eid ki raat gurub shamash ke baad waha se nikal jaye mahina kami wala ho ya zada ( yani 30 youm ho ya kam) aur Afzal wahi hain ki wo eid ki raat masjid main hi guzare taki namaz wahi ada kar sake ya phir agar namaz eid gaah main ada kare toh wo wahi se eidgah jaye.

 Dekhye al Majmua An-Nawawi (323\6).