Sawal:- Jo Budhape Ya Bimaari Ki Wajeh Se Roze Na Rakh Sake Uske Liye Fidye Ki Miqdaar Kitni Hai? Kya Fidya Paise Ki Shakal Mei Diya Ja Sakta Hai? Aur Agar Na-maloomiyat Me Paisa Dediya Tou Kya Fidya Phirse Dena Padega?
Alhamdulillah..
Awwal me,
Maliki, Shaafa'i aur Hanbali fuqaha' karaam ki aksariyat ka nuqta e nazar hai ki naqad rakam(paisa/cash) ki adaegi roza na rakhne ke fidye ke taur par shumar nahi hoga aur jo dena chahiye wo asal khana hai kyunke Allah tala farmaata hai,
“Aur iski takat rakhne wale fidye me ek miskeen ko khana de”.
Surah baqarah, ayat- 184.
Ibn Abbas r.a. ne kaha "Isse budhe mard aur budhi aurat muraad hai jo roze nahi rakh sakte, so unko har din ke badle ek miskeen ko khana khilana chahiye"
Sahih al bukhari, Hadith- 4505.
Fatawaa al-Lajnah al-Daa'imah(10/198) mei kaha gaya hai, "Agar Doctors ne kaha hai ke bimaari ki wajah se aap roza nahi rakh sakte aur shifayabi ki koi umeed nahi hai, to maazi(past) aur mustaqbil(future) mah(months) ke liye aapko har din ke badle ek miskeen ko khaana khilana hoga. Muqaami giza ki nisf/aadhi 'Saa' deni hogi, chahe khajoor ho ya aur kuch. Agar ap apne chhute hue rozon ki ta'adad(numbers) ke badle ek miskeen ya ghareeb shakhs ko naashta (ya shahri) aur raat ka khaana (ya iftaar) khilate hai to wo kaafi hojayega. Naqad paisa dene ke talluq se toh wo fidya shumar nahi hoga.
Lihaza jis buzrug ya mareez ke liye shifayaab hone ki koi umeed nahi hai wo to wo har din ke badle ek miskeen ko khana khilaye; gandum(wheat), khajoor, chawal(rice) ya isi tarha ka mukaami khane ka nisf 'Saa' de. Ye taqreeban dedh kilogram(1.5 kg) ke baraabar hoga.
Dekhiye Fataawa Ramadaan, Pg : 545.
Agar chahe toh mahine ke aakhir mei ek baar me saara de sakte hai, 45 kg. chawal(rice) hoga, ya misaal ke taur par agar koi khaana banata hai aur ghareeb logon ko khane ke liye dawat deta hai to aisa karna acha hai kyuki yahi Anas r.a. ne kiya tha.
Dusri taraf,
Agar kisine fidya paise ya naqd ki shakal mei diya aur ek fatwa jaari karne wale aalim ke fatwe ke pesh e nazar aisa kiya to aapko dobara fidya dene ki zaroorat nahi hai. Lekin agar apne apne apse aisa kiya to ehtiyat ke taur par aapko fidya phirse dena hoga.
Wallahu alam.
