۞ Mard Ka Kafan
Afzal ye hai ke mard ko teen kapdo me kafan diya jaye, jisme mayyat ko lapet diya jayega jaise ki RasoolAllah ﷺ ko kafan diya gaya tha.
۩ Ayesha r.a. farmati hai: "Rasool Allah ﷺ ko teen (3) Yamani safed kapdo’n mein kafan diya gaya tha, aur is mein na hi kurta tha aur na amaama."
Sahih al Bukahri: al Janaaez, hadith- 1264. Sahih Muslim: hadith-941.
۩ Ibn Hazm kahte hai: Allah apne Nabi ke liye afzal tareen haalat hi pasand farmata hai. End quote.
Al-Muhalla (5/118).
Lihaza Behtar yahi hai ki Teen kapdo me kafan diya jaye lekin do (2) kapdo me aur ek (1) kapde me bhi kafan dene ki ijazat hai .
Mayyat ko kafan dene ke liye kamazkam kafan ki miqdaar jis se Takfeen (kafan) ka fareeza ada ho jaye woh ye hai ke Ek itna bada kapda ho jisse saara jism dhaka ja sake, ye raaye Imam Abu Hanifa, Imam Ahmad ki hai aur Imam Maalik ki do raaye mai se ek raaye hai.
Inki raaye ki Daleel ye hadith hai:
۩ Khabbab bin Al-Art r.a. riwayat karte hai jab Mus'ab bin 'Umar r.a. ko shaheed kiya gaya, tab unko kafan dene ke liye sirf Ek (1) chadar thi, Toh jab hum inka sir dhakte to paon bahar ho jate, aur jab paon dhakte to sir nanga ho jata. Tab hamein Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya, "Chadar se inka sir dhak do, aur paon par 'Idhkhir' (ek kism ka paudha) daal do."
Sahih al Bukhaari, hadith-4047. Sahih Muslim, hadith- 940.
۩ Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen farmate hai,
"Is baat ki daleel ke kafan dete hue mayyat ka mukammal jism ko dhanpna wajib hai, (isme) yeh hai ke Jin Sahaba karaam ke liye kafan ke kapde kam the unke bare me Nabi ﷺ ne sir se kafan shuru karne ka hukum diya, ke sir ko dhak den, aur kadam (pair) par Idhkhir jo ek tarah ka paudha hai daal den.
Aur agar koi cheez bhi maujud na ho, maslan aag mein jalne ki wajah se uskay kapray tak jal jayen, aur uskay ilawa koi kapra bhi mayassar na ho to aisi mayyat par ghaas (ya paudhe) wagaira daal kar use kisi cheez se bandh diya jaye, aur agar yeh bhi nah ho sakay to usay waise hi dafan kardiya jaye kyun ki farmaan e baari taala
Apne istitaat ke mutabik Allah se darte raho. [al-Taghaabun 64:16]."
Al-Sharh al-Mumti’, 5/225.
Afzal ye hai ke mard ko teen kapdo me kafan diya jaye, jisme mayyat ko lapet diya jayega jaise ki RasoolAllah ﷺ ko kafan diya gaya tha.
۩ Ayesha r.a. farmati hai: "Rasool Allah ﷺ ko teen (3) Yamani safed kapdo’n mein kafan diya gaya tha, aur is mein na hi kurta tha aur na amaama."
Sahih al Bukahri: al Janaaez, hadith- 1264. Sahih Muslim: hadith-941.
۩ Ibn Hazm kahte hai: Allah apne Nabi ke liye afzal tareen haalat hi pasand farmata hai. End quote.
Al-Muhalla (5/118).
Lihaza Behtar yahi hai ki Teen kapdo me kafan diya jaye lekin do (2) kapdo me aur ek (1) kapde me bhi kafan dene ki ijazat hai .
Mayyat ko kafan dene ke liye kamazkam kafan ki miqdaar jis se Takfeen (kafan) ka fareeza ada ho jaye woh ye hai ke Ek itna bada kapda ho jisse saara jism dhaka ja sake, ye raaye Imam Abu Hanifa, Imam Ahmad ki hai aur Imam Maalik ki do raaye mai se ek raaye hai.
Inki raaye ki Daleel ye hadith hai:
۩ Khabbab bin Al-Art r.a. riwayat karte hai jab Mus'ab bin 'Umar r.a. ko shaheed kiya gaya, tab unko kafan dene ke liye sirf Ek (1) chadar thi, Toh jab hum inka sir dhakte to paon bahar ho jate, aur jab paon dhakte to sir nanga ho jata. Tab hamein Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya, "Chadar se inka sir dhak do, aur paon par 'Idhkhir' (ek kism ka paudha) daal do."
Sahih al Bukhaari, hadith-4047. Sahih Muslim, hadith- 940.
۩ Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen farmate hai,
"Is baat ki daleel ke kafan dete hue mayyat ka mukammal jism ko dhanpna wajib hai, (isme) yeh hai ke Jin Sahaba karaam ke liye kafan ke kapde kam the unke bare me Nabi ﷺ ne sir se kafan shuru karne ka hukum diya, ke sir ko dhak den, aur kadam (pair) par Idhkhir jo ek tarah ka paudha hai daal den.
Aur agar koi cheez bhi maujud na ho, maslan aag mein jalne ki wajah se uskay kapray tak jal jayen, aur uskay ilawa koi kapra bhi mayassar na ho to aisi mayyat par ghaas (ya paudhe) wagaira daal kar use kisi cheez se bandh diya jaye, aur agar yeh bhi nah ho sakay to usay waise hi dafan kardiya jaye kyun ki farmaan e baari taala
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ
Apne istitaat ke mutabik Allah se darte raho. [al-Taghaabun 64:16]."
Al-Sharh al-Mumti’, 5/225.
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۞ Aurat Ka Kafan
Tamaam Fiqh ke Mazhab (Hanafi, Maaliki, Shaafa’i, Hanbali aur Zaahiri), is baat par muttafik hai ki Aurat ko paanch kapdo me kafan dena Mustahab hai.
Dekhe: Badaa’i’ al-Sanaa’i’ (2/325); Mawaahib al-Jaleel (2/266); al-Majmoo’ (5/161); al-Mughni (3/390) and al-Muhalla (5/120).
Unki Daleel ye hai:
۩ Qa'if as-Saqafiyyah Ki beti Layla r.a. kahti hai: Mai un aurto me shamil thi jinhone RasoolAllah ﷺ ki beti Umm Kulsoom r.a. ko unke inteqal par ghusl diya tha, kafan ke kapdo maise sab se pahle hame RasoolAllah ﷺ ne Izaar diya, fir kurta diya, fir oodhni di, fir chadar di, fir ek aur kapda diya jise upar lapet diya gaya.
(Fir Laila r.a. kahti hai) RasoolAllah ﷺ un ke kafan ke kapde liye hue darwaze ke paas khade hue the aur hame un maise ek ek kapde de rahe the.
Sunan Abu Dawud, Kitab Al-Jana'iz, hadith- 3157. Is hadith ko Shaykh Albani ne Irwa’ al-Ghaleel (723) me Daif karar diya hai.
Lekin is hadees ka Ek (dusra) Gawaah bhi hai, jisay Imam Jawzi ne Umm Atiyah r.a. se riwayat kiya hai ke: "Ham ne [Umm Kulsoom r.a. ko] paanch kapron mein kafan diya, aur usi tarha in ka sir dhak diya jaise zinda ka sir dhaka jata hai."
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani kahte hai: Iski sanad Sahih hai. Fath al-Baari (3/159).
۩ Hasan Basri r.h. (Tabayeen) farmate hain:
"Aurat ke kafan ka panchwa kapda wo hai jo kameez ke neeche rahta hai, is se aurat ka satar aur ranei’n bandhi jati hain. "
Sahih al Bukahri, Kitab al Janaaez, Under Baab - How to shroud a dead body, Baab-15.
۩ Ibn Qudaamah kahte hai: (5 kapdo me kafan dena) Ye Mustahab hai kyuki aurat apne zindagi me mard se zyada kapde ka ahtamam karti hai. Is liye Aurat ko wafaat ke baad bhi zyada (kapdo ka) ahtamam karna hoga. End quote.
Al-Mughni (3/391).
۩ Shaykh ibn Baaz se pucha gaya ki "Mard aur Aurat ko kaise kafan diya jaye"?
To unhone Jawab diya,
"Afzal yahi hai ke mard ko teen safed kapron me kafan diya jaye jis mein amaamah aur kameez na ho, yahi afzal hai, aur aurat ko paanch kapron me kafan diya jaye, tah-band, kameez, dupatta, aur do (2) chadar, aur agar mayyat ko Ek (1) hi bade chadar mein kafan diya jaye jis mein iska pura jism dhaka jaye to mard ya aurat dono ko iski ijazat hai. Ye masla bada hai."
Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn Baaz (13/127).
۩ Ulema e karaam farmate hai,
Aurat ko kafan dete waqt pahle tah-band bandhi jayegi, fir upar wale hisse par kameez, aur uske baad sir ke ird-gird dupatta diya jayega, aur fir Do (2) chadar mein lapait diya jayega.
Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah (3/363). [Is Fatawa ke committee me ye ulema shamil hai: Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn Baaz, Shaykh ‘Abd al-Razzaaq ‘Afeefi, Shaykh ‘Abd-Allaah Ghadyaan, Shaykh ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Qa’ood.]
۩ Ibn al-Mundhir kahte hai: Jin Ahle Ilm se hamne ilm hasil kiya hai us maise aksariyat is baat ke qayl hai ki aurat ko paanch (5) kapdo me kafan diya jayega.
Al-Mughni (3/391).
Dekhe: Badaa’i’ al-Sanaa’i’ (2/325); Mawaahib al-Jaleel (2/266); al-Majmoo’ (5/161); al-Mughni (3/390) and al-Muhalla (5/120).
Unki Daleel ye hai:
۩ Qa'if as-Saqafiyyah Ki beti Layla r.a. kahti hai: Mai un aurto me shamil thi jinhone RasoolAllah ﷺ ki beti Umm Kulsoom r.a. ko unke inteqal par ghusl diya tha, kafan ke kapdo maise sab se pahle hame RasoolAllah ﷺ ne Izaar diya, fir kurta diya, fir oodhni di, fir chadar di, fir ek aur kapda diya jise upar lapet diya gaya.
(Fir Laila r.a. kahti hai) RasoolAllah ﷺ un ke kafan ke kapde liye hue darwaze ke paas khade hue the aur hame un maise ek ek kapde de rahe the.
Sunan Abu Dawud, Kitab Al-Jana'iz, hadith- 3157. Is hadith ko Shaykh Albani ne Irwa’ al-Ghaleel (723) me Daif karar diya hai.
Lekin is hadees ka Ek (dusra) Gawaah bhi hai, jisay Imam Jawzi ne Umm Atiyah r.a. se riwayat kiya hai ke: "Ham ne [Umm Kulsoom r.a. ko] paanch kapron mein kafan diya, aur usi tarha in ka sir dhak diya jaise zinda ka sir dhaka jata hai."
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani kahte hai: Iski sanad Sahih hai. Fath al-Baari (3/159).
۩ Hasan Basri r.h. (Tabayeen) farmate hain:
وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ الْخِرْقَةُ الْخَامِسَةُ تَشُدُّ بِهَا الْفَخِذَيْنِ وَالْوَرِكَيْنِ تَحْتَ الدِّرْعِ
"Aurat ke kafan ka panchwa kapda wo hai jo kameez ke neeche rahta hai, is se aurat ka satar aur ranei’n bandhi jati hain. "
Sahih al Bukahri, Kitab al Janaaez, Under Baab - How to shroud a dead body, Baab-15.
۩ Ibn Qudaamah kahte hai: (5 kapdo me kafan dena) Ye Mustahab hai kyuki aurat apne zindagi me mard se zyada kapde ka ahtamam karti hai. Is liye Aurat ko wafaat ke baad bhi zyada (kapdo ka) ahtamam karna hoga. End quote.
Al-Mughni (3/391).
۩ Shaykh ibn Baaz se pucha gaya ki "Mard aur Aurat ko kaise kafan diya jaye"?
To unhone Jawab diya,
"Afzal yahi hai ke mard ko teen safed kapron me kafan diya jaye jis mein amaamah aur kameez na ho, yahi afzal hai, aur aurat ko paanch kapron me kafan diya jaye, tah-band, kameez, dupatta, aur do (2) chadar, aur agar mayyat ko Ek (1) hi bade chadar mein kafan diya jaye jis mein iska pura jism dhaka jaye to mard ya aurat dono ko iski ijazat hai. Ye masla bada hai."
Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn Baaz (13/127).
۩ Ulema e karaam farmate hai,
Aurat ko kafan dete waqt pahle tah-band bandhi jayegi, fir upar wale hisse par kameez, aur uske baad sir ke ird-gird dupatta diya jayega, aur fir Do (2) chadar mein lapait diya jayega.
Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah (3/363). [Is Fatawa ke committee me ye ulema shamil hai: Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn Baaz, Shaykh ‘Abd al-Razzaaq ‘Afeefi, Shaykh ‘Abd-Allaah Ghadyaan, Shaykh ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Qa’ood.]
۩ Ibn al-Mundhir kahte hai: Jin Ahle Ilm se hamne ilm hasil kiya hai us maise aksariyat is baat ke qayl hai ki aurat ko paanch (5) kapdo me kafan diya jayega.
Al-Mughni (3/391).
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