Taqleed yaani kisi ki baat ko aankh band kar ke manna hatta ke us shaks ko uski maani hui baat ke khilaf Quran aur sunnat ki daleel mil chuki ho aur us par wo daleel wazeh ho chuki ho fir bhi wo us daleel ko na maan kar kisi khas shaks ya kisi khas groh ki baat maane. Yahi Taqleed hai.
Aj se kareeban 9-10 saal pahle kaafi log isme mulawwis the, kuch kam ilm ke wajah se aur kuch kisi fayde ya zidd ki wajah se. Fir Alhamdulillah Allah ne apne Deen me naye logo se kaam liya aur kuch naye log kitabullah aur sunnat e Rasool ko lekar aaye aur fir unhone is ummat ko yaad dilaya ki jis insan se Deen ke masle me galti nahi ho sakti wo sirf Allah ka paigambar hai baaki sab wo kyu na kitne bade aimma ho, ulama ho, muhaddis ho, molvi sahab ho, wo sab ke sab insan hai aur insan ki sifat hai ki wo galtiya karta hai. Inki izzat aur Allah se inka ikhlas hame is baat par majbur nahi karte ki ham inki us baat ko bhi tasleem karle jinme inse galtiya ya kami hui ho. Na hi in ahle ilm ki izzat ko tabah karne ki ijazat hai unki us galti ki wajah se kyuki unhe us galti par bhi 1 ajar milta hai agar unki niyat sach ko janne ki thi.
Haqiqat ye hai ki kuch saalo se is ummat me dobara wahi Taqleed ki bimari aa chuki hai aur khas kar unke andar jo kisi zamane me khud 4 Imam ki taqleed se roka karte the. Lekin is baar bas unhone taqleed ka naam badal diya hai taaki koi un par ilzam na laga sake. Ho sakta hai ki ye ilm ki kami ke wajah se ho, ye bhi ho sakta hai ki ye kisi khas shaks ki izzat/ahtaraa/muhabbat/ilm ke wajah se ho, niyat ka muamla ham Allah par chorte hai. Lekin kisi bhi surat me ye galti hi rahegi. Aur jaise ki mai kah raha tha ki unhone taqleed ka naam badal diya hai aur ye naye naam rakh diye hai:
1. Kya Ap ulema se zyada jante ho?
2. Ye itne bade ulema hai, inse kaise galti ho sakti hai?
3. Ye saare ulema kaise ek sath galat ho sakte hai?
4. Ulema ambiya ke waris hote hai!
5. Ulema se puch puch kar chalo!
6. Kya ulema ko ye ayat/hadees nahi malum thi?
7. Ulema dur ki nigaah rakhte hai!
8. Ulema se duri deen se duri hai!
9. Ulema se duri gumrahi hai!
Toh ye Taqleed ko inhone ye saare naam de diye hai lekin masala wahi hai ki jab unhe Allah ki kitab ya sunnat se koi baat batayi jaati hai toh wo apne ulema ke qawl/fatwe ke aage us ayat/sunnat ko tasleem nahi karte hai aur upar diye gaye bahane banate hai. Yahi toh Taqleed hai, agar ye taqleed nahi toh fir Taqleed hai kya? Jab 4 Imam ki baat ko Quran aur sunnat ki roshni me dekhi jayegi jo ki behtareen zamane ke the, wo tabe-tabayeen the, yaani salaf maise the fir aj ke ulema ki baat ko Quran aur sunnat ki roshni me kyu nahi dekhi jayegi? Hamne kalima Allah aur Rasool ka padha hai ya kisi alim ka?
Ek taraf toh ye kaha jata hai ki aj ke ulema ki raaye se behtar salaf ki raaye hai dusri taraf 4 Imam (salaf) ki taqleed se roka jata hai aur khud aj ke ulema ki taqleed ki jaati hai.
Aur hamare muashre me ek galat-fehmi ye hoti hai, khas taur par taqleedi zahen rakhne walo me, ye samjha jata hai ki Ulema se duri deen se duri aur gumrahi hai. Halanki is baat ka zikr na toh Allah ki kitab me hai aur na hi sunnat me. Ye sifat Allah ki kitab aur Rasool ki sunnat ki hai, jinhe inlogo ne kam-ilmi aur taqleedi zaheniyat ke tahat Ulema ko de diya hai. Allah ki kitab se duri gumrahi aur deen se duri hai, Rasool ki sunnat se duri deen se duri aur gumrahi hai.
۩ Malik ibn Anas r.a. riwayat karte hai ki RasoolAllah ﷺ ne farmaya, “Maine tumhare darmiyaan do (2) chize chhodi hai jo tumhe kabhi gumrah nahi karegi jab tak tum in do chizo ko pakde rahoge: Allah ki kitab aur Nabi ki sunnat.”
Agar yahi maan liya jaye ki ulema se duri deen se duri hai toh fir ek shia zindagi bhar shia rahe aur ek barelwi zindagi bhar barelwi aqeede par hi rahe kyuki unke yaha bhi ulema hote hai. Ek galat aqide wala shaks apne ulema ki baato ko chor kar hi kitab wa sunnat ke taraf aata hai. Agar wo apne ulema ki duri deen ki duri aur gumrahi maan lein fir kyu kar wo haq ki talash kare Allah ki kitab aur sunnat me, kyuki wo toh pahle hi apne ulema ki baate sunta aur manta hai aur use haq samajhta hai.
Aur is article ka iradah ulema ki tauheen nahi hai nauzbillah, jab ki ulema e haq ke pairo ki dhool hamare aankho ka surma hai alhamdulillah.
Is article ka maksad ye batana hai ki aankh band kar ke sirf Allah aur uske Rasool ki baat maani jaye, ye haq sirf Allah ka hai aur uske Rasool ka baaki ye haq kisi ka nahi hai chahe wo kitna bada alim ho.
۩ Allah ﷻ farmate hai,
Aye eeman walo! Allah ki itaat karo aur Rasool ki itaat karo aur unlogo ki itaat karo jo tum mein ikhtiyar wale (ulema, imam wagaira) hai. Aur (tumhare bich) agar kisi cheez me ikhtilaf ho jaye to use lautao Allah ki taraf aur Rasool ki taraf agar tumhe Allah par aur qayamat ke din par eeman hai. Yeh boht behtar hai aur anjaam ke aetbaar se boht acha hai.
Surah Nisa, ayat-59.
۩ Salim bin Abdullah r.a. ne bayan kiya ki unhone Ahle Shaam mai se ek shaks se suna, wo Abdullah bin Umar r.a. se Hajj me Umra se fayda (Hajj e Tamattu) ke bareme puch raha tha. Toh Abdullah bin Umar r.a. ne kaha, "Ye jayz hai". Is par Shaami (sham ka rahne wala) ne kaha, " (Lekin) Apke ke walid (Umar r.a.) ne to isse roka hai?
Abdullah ibn Umar ne kaha, "Zara tum ye batao, agar mere walid kisi chiz se roke aur RasoolAllah ﷺ ne use kiya ho toh mere walid ke hukm ki pairwi ki jayegi ya RasoolAllah ﷺ ki, toh usne kaha, "RasoolAllah ﷺ ke hukm ki", toh unhone kaha, "RasoolAllah ﷺ ne aesa kiya hai".
Jamia Tirmizi, kitab al hajj, hadith-824. Is hadees ko Imam Tirmizi ne hasan saheeh karaar diya hai.
۩ Imam Malik r.h. Rasool ﷺ ki kabr ke taraf hath se ishara kar ke farmaya karte the ke Is sahib e kabr (RasoolAllah) ke alawa kisi ki baat aesi nahi jisse ikhtilaf na kiya jaa sake.
Silsila ahadees as saheeha, jild 1, safa-258. [scan]
۩ Imam Shafi farmate hai,
“Agar mai kuch kahta hu toh use Allah ki kitab ki roshni me dekho, Rasool ki sunnat ki roshni me dekho. Agar (meri baat) uske mutabik hai toh qubul kar lo aur jo uske khilaf jaye toh use qubul mat karo aur use deewar par de maaro.”
Imam Nawawi ki Al Majmu, 1/63.
۩ Imam Ibn ul Qayyim (d. 751 H.) ne farmaya:
“Islam ke Ulema ki fazeelat, unke mukhtalif darje aur unki salahiyate aur unke hukuk ko jaano (ye zaruri hai).
(Ye bhi janne ki zarurat hai) ki unke Ilm aur unki fazeelat aur Allah aur uske Rasool ﷺ se inki ikhlas hame iska paband nai karti ki jo wo kahte hai ham unki har baat ko qubul karle, ya fir unke fatwe ki galti ko qubul karle un masaail me jinme (Quran aur sunnat) ki ibarat un tak na pohchi ho, is liye unke ilm ke mutabik unko jo sahih laga unhone wo kaha, halanki haqiqat kuch aur thi.”
I’laam-ul-Muwaqqi’een (jild- 3, safa- 295).
۩ Allaamah Abdur-Rahmaan Bin Yahyah Al-Mu’allimee r.h. kahte hai,
“Aur ye baat jaan lo ki Allah kuch mukhlis (sincere) logo se galtiya karwata hai dusre logo ke imtehan ke liye ki wo (log) haqiqat ko manenge aur us (mukhlis) shaks ki baat ko chor denge ya fir us nek shaks ki neki aur uske muqam se dhoka kha jayenge. Wo (nek shaks) apni galti par sirf muaf hi nahi kar diya jata hai balki use is ijtihad ke liye aur nek niyat ke wajah se sawab bhi milta hai aur na hi us (alim) ke rutbe ya izzat me koi kami hoti hai. Albatta jo shaks us (alim) ke rutbe ke dhoke me aakar unki pairwi karta hai bina Allah ki kitab aur RasoolAllah ﷺ ki sunnat ke asal dalail ke taraf mutawajje hue, uske liye muafi nahi hai balki wo ek bade khatre (danger) par hai.”
Raf’ul Ish-tibaah, page 152-153. [download arabic pdf]
۩ Allaamah Abdur-Rahmaan Bin Yahyah Al-Mu’allimee r.h. kahte hai,
“Aur ye baat jaan lo ki Allah kuch mukhlis (sincere) logo se galtiya karwata hai dusre logo ke imtehan ke liye ki wo (log) haqiqat ko manenge aur us (mukhlis) shaks ki baat ko chor denge ya fir us nek shaks ki neki aur uske muqam se dhoka kha jayenge. Wo (nek shaks) apni galti par sirf muaf hi nahi kar diya jata hai balki use is ijtihad ke liye aur nek niyat ke wajah se sawab bhi milta hai aur na hi us (alim) ke rutbe ya izzat me koi kami hoti hai. Albatta jo shaks us (alim) ke rutbe ke dhoke me aakar unki pairwi karta hai bina Allah ki kitab aur RasoolAllah ﷺ ki sunnat ke asal dalail ke taraf mutawajje hue, uske liye muafi nahi hai balki wo ek bade khatre (danger) par hai.”
Raf’ul Ish-tibaah, page 152-153. [download arabic pdf]
Toh isi liye mere ilm ke nazdeek Musalman hone ka matlab yahi hai ki jab kitab wa sunnat ka taqraar kisi ahle ilm ke qawl se ho toh kitab o sunnat ko apnaya jaye aur qawl ko chor diya jaye, yahi hamara Deen hai aur yahi hamara mazhab hai.
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Allah se dua hai ki wo hame Allah aur uske Rasool ke hukm ko harf e aakhir manne ki taufeeq ata kare. aameen.
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