Sabse pahle ye baat wazeh ho jaye ki farz, sunnat aur nawafil ibadat ya namaz kise kahte hai aur inme kya farq hai kyuki hamare muashre me inki alag alag tashree paayi jati hai.
Farz ibadat: Yaani zaruri ibadat. Isko Allah ne har shaks ke upar lazim kiya hai. Ise karne se ajar hai aur ise chorne par gunah hai. Isme Ummat me koi ikhtilaf nahi hai.
Sunnat aur nawafil ibadat: Is ibadat me hamare ummat me ikhtilaf hai, iske bawujud ki kitab o sunnat me iski saaf tashree aayi hai. Hamare muashre me sunnat aur nawafil namaz do kism ke ibadat ke darje me shumar hote hai. Lekin ye kitab o sunnat ki roshni me sahih nahi hai.
Arabic me, nawafil, 'nafila' alfaz ka jama ka seegha hai, jiska matlab hota hai 'jo chiz farz se zyada ho' yaani izafi chiz.
Hamare deen me sirf do tarha ke ibadat hote hai, ek farz aur ek nawafil. Yaani ek wo ibadat jo ham par farz hui hai aur dusri wo jo farz ke alawa ho. Aur is nawafil me sunnat ka bhi shumaar hota hai kyuki sunnat farz nahi hote. Is liye jab Nawafil kaha jayega to isme farz ke alawa jitni bhi kisme hai wo sab isi me shumar hongi jaise sunnat namaz, witr namaz, wagaira. Ab aaiye is baat ki daleel dekhte hai:
۩ حَدَّثَنَا بَيَانُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتْ لَمْ يَكُنِ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَى شَىْءٍ مِنَ النَّوَافِلِ أَشَدَّ مِنْهُ تَعَاهُدًا عَلَى رَكْعَتَىِ الْفَجْرِ-
Ayesha r.a. se riwayat hai ke Rasool Allah ﷺ Nawaafil (sunnat) me se kisi cheez par itni muhafizat aur mudawemat nahi karte the jis qadr Fajr ki 2 rakat (sunnat) par karte the.
Sahih al Bukhari, kitab al tahajjud ﴾19﴿, hadees- 1163.
Is hadees me Ammi Ayesha r.a. ne fajr ki sunnat ke liye nawafil alfaz ka istemal kiya hai.
Aur fir is sunnat me ahle ilm ne do taqseeme ki hai, ek Sunnat e Muakkadah aur dusra Sunnat e ghair Muakkadah, yaani ek wo sunnat jisko ada karne par zyada zor diya gaya ho jaise witr aur dusri wo sunnat jisko ada karne par usse kam zor diya gaya ho. Lekin iske bawujud in dono kism ke sunnat ko chorne par gunah nahi hoga. Sunnat ke liye mustahab alfaz ka bhi istemal hota hai aur sunnat ke badle is alfaz ko bhi ada kiya jata hai.
Ab aaiye asal mauzu par roshni dalte hai ki kya namaz ki sirf farz rakat hi padh lena kafi hai.
۩ Abu Hurairah r.a. riwayat karte hai ke ek dehati Nabi ﷺ ki khidmat me aaya aur arz kiya ke Aap mujhe koi aisa amal batlaiye jis par agar mai hameshgi (continuously) karu toh Jannat me dakhil ho jau. Aap ﷺ ne farmaya ke Allah ki ibadat karo, us ka kisi ko shareek na thehrao, farz namaz qayam karo, farz zakat do aur Ramzan ke roze rakho.
Dehati ne kaha, 'Us zaat ki kasam jis ke hath me meri jaan hai' mai isse zyada nahi karunga.
Jab woh peeth mod kar jaane laga to Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya ke agar kisi Jannati ko dekhna ho toh is shakhs ko dekh lo.
Sahih al-Bukhari, kitab al zakat ﴾24﴿, hadees- 1397.
Is hadees se ye wazeh haqiqat malum pada ki Allah ko kam se kam apne bando se jo namaz ki rakat chahiye wo farz rakat hai, kyuki us dehati shaks ne kaha ki mai farz se zyada nahi padhunga aur iske bawujud RasoolAllah ne unhe Jannat ki basharat di. Is hadees me Hajj ka hukm nahi hai kyuki us waqt tak Hajj farz nahi hua tha. Toh ab sawaal uthta hai ki jab sirf farz rakat hi padh lena kafi hai toh fir hame baaki nawafil (sunnat) namaz padhne ki kya zarurat hai. Is sawal par ek dusri hadees roshni daalti hai:
۩ Hurais bin Qabisah riwayat karte hai ki,
Mai Madeene aaya, mai ne kaha, Aye Allah mujhe nek aur saaleh saathi naseeb farma, chunanche Abu Hurairah r.a. ke paas baithna muyassar ho gaya, Maine un se kaha, 'Maine Allah se dua mangi thi ke mujhe nek saathi ata farma, toh Ap mujhse koi aisi hadees bayan kijiye, jise Ap ne RasoolAllah ﷺ se suni ho, shayad Allah mujhe isse faida pohnchaye.' Unhone kaha, Maine RasoolAllah ﷺ ko farmate suna hai, 'Qayamat ke roz bande se sab se pahle uski namaz ka hisab hoga, agar woh thik rahi to qamyab ho gaya, aur agar woh kharab nikli toh woh nakaam aur namuraad raha, aur agar uski farz namazo me koi kami aayi hogi toh Rab ajjowa (farishto se) farmayega, dekho, mere is bande ke paas koi nawafil namaz hai? Chunanche farz namaz ki kami ki talaafi us nawafil se kar di jayegi, fir isi andaz se saare aamaal ka hisab hoga.'
Jamia Tirmizi, kitab as salaat ﴾2﴿, hadees- 413. Imam Tirmizi ne iski sanad ko hasan gareeb aur Darussalaam ne is hadees ko sahih karaar diya hai.
Toh is hadees se malum pada ki jo nawafil (sunnat) namaz ham padhte hai wo darasal farz ke pure na hone par kaam ayega. Toh ek hisab se ye asal qaza e umri hui (lafzi maane ke taur par) na ki wo jo logo ne khud se banayi hai. Is hadees se hame ye pata chala ke hame nawafil (sunnat) namaz bhi padhni hai, agar hamare namazo me kami rah gayi toh wo is nawafil (sunnat) namaz se puri honi hai.
Aur is nawafil (sunnat) namaz ki ek aur fazilat hai,
۩ Umme Habeeba r.a. kahti hai ke RasoolAllah ﷺ ko farmate hue suna, “Jis ne ek din aur raat me barah (12) rakat ada ki us ke liye un ke badle jannat me ek ghar bana diya jata hai.” Ap r.a. mazeed farmati hai, 'Jab se maine in ke bare me RasoolAllah se suna, maine inhe kabhi tark nahi kiya'.
Sahih Muslim, kitab salat al musafireen wa qasar ﴾6﴿, hadees- 1694.
Aur ye barah (12) rakat kaun si thi ye hame is hadees se pata chalta hai:
۩ Abdullah bin Shaqiq r.a. riwayat karte hai ke maine Ayesha r.a. se Rasool Allah ﷺ ke nawafilo ka haal daryaft kiya toh Ayesha r.a. ne kaha, ‘Rasool Allah ﷺ mere ghar mein Zohar se pahle 4 rakate padhte the, fir Aap nikalte aur logo ke sath (zohar ke farz) padhte, fir (ghar me) dakhil hote aur 2 rakat namaz padhte. Aap logo ke sath maghrib ki namaz padhte, fir (ghar mein) dakhil hote aur 2 rakat (sunnat) padhte, fir Aap logo ke sath Isha ki namaz padhte, fir (ghar mein) dakhil hote aur 2 rakat namaz padhte aur raat ko Aap 9 rakat (Tahajjud ki) namaz padhte in me witr bhi hota tha aur jab subha namudaar hoti to (namaz e fajr se pahle) 2 rakat (nawafil) padhte.’
Sahih Muslim, kitab salat al musafireen wa qasar ﴾6﴿, hadees- 1699.
Allah se dua hai ki wo hame amal ki taufeeq ata kare. aameen.
•٠•●●•٠•
Related: Namaz ki sunnato ka bayan
Post a Comment